  Bridging mini-Howto
  Christopher Cole  cole@coledd.com
  v1.11, 7 September 1998
  ēc() shibata@opost1.netspace.or.jp   m
  cz8cb01@linux.or.jp
  v1.11j, 1999N 626

  ̃hLgł ethernet ubWǂ̂悤ɃZbgAbv邩
  ĐĂ܂Bethernet ubWƂ̓Tulbg̃gtBbN
  邽߂Ƀf[^pPbgRg[foCXi@ĵ
  ƂłBʏubẂA̒ʐMO[vōsꑽ̒ʐM
  ̃O[vƍsAQ̃O[v̊Ԃɒu܂Bi󒍁F̃O[
  v͈ʓIɃZOgƕ\܂j
  ______________________________________________________________________

  ڎ

  1. ͂߂
  2. ZbgAbv
  3. 悭鎿Ɠ
  4. |ɂ

  ______________________________________________________________________

  1.  ͂߂

  Ƃ΁Ãlbg[Nɂ Macintosh }ṼO[v Unix
  }ṼO[vlĂ݂܂傤Bꂼ̃O[vł̒ʐM͔
  ɑÃO[vlbg[NɗgtBbNÃO
  [vŒʐM悤ƂĂ}VɃRWNĂ܂
  B 2 ̃Rs[^O[v̋ڂɁAubWuƂ
  ܂BubẂA̃f[^pPbg̈𒲂ׁÃpPbg
   Ethernet ZOgɑ邩ǂ肷铭܂B
  ʂƂăRWAlbg[N̎gp͒ቺđx
  邱ƂɂȂ܂B

  i󒍁Fethernet ̐Eł́AZOg̑S}Viۂɂ NICj
  SpPbgMASiu[hLXgbZ[WjȊÕp
  Pbgj悤ɂȂĂ܂BłAɂl`bƂtmhwP
  ̃ZOgɂƂƁAl`bl`bƂʐMłĂ
  tmhw̃pPbgMĂ܂܂BQ̃}V瓯Ƀp
  Pbg𑗐MꍇRWƂȂA҂̃pPbg͔jĂ܂
  ܂BubW𗧂Ă邱ƂɂāAZOgł̓RW͔
  ܂AZOgԂ̃gtBbNʂ͌邱ƂɂȂ܂j

  2.  ZbgAbv

  1. ``Bridge Config''̓

       http://mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/stam-
       pede/pre-0.90/source/net/BRCFG/source/

  2. gp}Vŕ ethernet 悤 /etc/lilo.conf Ɏ
     ̍sǉAlilo Ďs܂B

  append = "ether=0,0,eth1"

  3NICŃubW\̂ł΁AƂĉL̐ݒg
  B

       append = "ether=0,0,eth1 ether=0,0,eth2"

  4 ȏ NIC ĝł΁A ether ̎wǉ΂
  傤BW Linux Kernel ̓ƂẮA1  NIC oꂽ
  _łȏ̌o͍s܂BL̐ݒ 1 ڂ NIC oꂽ
   NIC ̌os킹邽߂̎włB

  ̑ɂu[g̃p[^ݒ(NIC  2 ̎)L̂悤ɂ
  o܂B

       linux ether=0,0,eth1

  ܂ NIC  3 ̏ꍇ́Â悤ɂȂ܂B

       linux ether=0,0,eth1 ether=0,0,eth2

  3. BRIDGING LɂāAkernel ̍č\zs܂B

  4. ʏubW IP AhXȂ̂łB邱Ƃo
     Aʂ IP AhXKvƂ܂B(RedHat ̏ꍇ)ubW
      IP AhX菜ɂ /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ fB
     Ng ifcfg-lo0 Aifcfg-eth0  ifcfg-eth1 ƂăRs[
     B

      2 ̃t@C̒ ``DEVICE=lo''ƏĂsTāA
     ꂼ ``DEVICE=eth0''  ``DEVICE=eth1''ɕύX܂B̑̃fB
     Xgr[VłƂ͂ƈႤł傤AĩfBX
     gr[Vł́jK؂ȕ@ōsĂB

     i󒍁F Slackware ł́A/etc/rc.d/rc.inet1 ҏW邱ƂɂȂ
     v܂j

     3 ȏ NIC ŃubW\̂ł΁AlɓK؂Ȑݒ
     sĂB

  5. u[g܂BV kernel ̓ubW@\T|[gĂ܂B
     ܂ NIC  IP AhXUĂȂƂɒӂĂB

  6. VXeċNANIC uʓ߁Fpromiscuousv[hɂ
     ܂B̃[hłׂ͂ẴpPbgꂼ NIC œ߂
     B

       ifconfig eth0 promisc ; ifconfig eth1 promisc

  ɂAubW\邽߂Ƀlbg[NZOgɐڑ
  SĂ NIC ́Aʓ߃[hƂȂ܂B

  7. brcfg vOŃubWO ON ɂ܂B

       brcfg -ena

  8. e NIC ł̃gtBbNقȂĂ邱ƂmF܂B

       tcpdump -i eth0    (̃EChEŌ)
       tcpdump -i eth1    (ʂ̃EChEŌ)

  9. sniffer(Xjbt@[) tcpdump 𑼂̃}VœA\zu
     bWŐZOgĂ鎖mF܂B

  3.  悭鎿Ɠ

  1.

     Question

          ioctl(SIOCGIFBR) failed: Package not installed

     ƌbZ[Wo܂B͂ǂӖł?

     Answer
        kernel ̃ubW@\LɂĂ܂Bo[W 2.0 ȍ~
        V kernel 肵āABRIDGING LɂăJ[lč\z
        ܂傤B

  2.

     Question
        ubẄ̃ZOg̃}VÃZOg̃}V
         ping ł܂B

     Answer

     o  ``brcfg -ena''ƂāAubW@\Lɂ܂?  (brcfg
        ``bridging is ENABLED'' ƕ\͂ł)

     o  NIC uʓ߃[hvɂ܂?  (``ifconfig''ŊmF
        ĂB``PROMISC''tOꂼ NIC ɕ\͂
        ł)

     o  ̃fBA(10Base-5/2/T) NIC ̏ꍇ́ÂL
        ɂȂĂ܂? NIC ƈꏏɕtĂݒvOgp
        Kv邩܂B

  3.

     Question
        ubW telnet / ftp ł܂BȂł傤?

     Answer
        ubW NIC ɂ IP AhXUĂȂłBu
        bW̓lbg[N̓ߓIȂ̂łB

  4.

     Question
        routing(oH)ɂĉ΂ł傤?

     Answer
        ܂I kernel ̃ubWɊւR[hłׂĂ̌oH
        wK@\Ă܂BubWɂĊwKꂽ
        Eternet AhXɂ brcfg vOfobO[hœ
        ĂB

          brcfg -deb

  5.

     Question
        ubW͓Ă悤łAȂubW ``traceroute'' 
        pẌꕔƂČȂ̂ł傤?

     Answer
        ̃ubẄӖA``traceroute'' ł̓ubWpX
        ̈ꕔƂČׂł͂܂BubW̓lbg[N
        ̓ߓIȕiiP[uȂǁjƓlłB

  6.

     Question
        kernel č\z IP_FORWARD LɂKv܂?

     Answer
        BubW@\ kernel ̃R[h̓pPbgʂ
        Ă邾łBIP_FORWARD ͂ꂼ NIC  IP AhX
        UQ[gEGCƂē삳邽߂̂̂łB
  7.

     Question
        Ȃ brcfg ɂĕԂ|[g 1 ƃ|[g 2 ̃C[Tlb
        g(MAC)AhX͓Ȃ̂ł?  قȂ͂ł͂Ȃ̂ł?

     Answer
        BubWƂē삳Ă邷ׂẴ|[g̓ubWv
        OɂēC[TlbgAhXU܂B

  8.

     Question
        BRIDING ̓J[lRtBO̍ۂɏoĂȂ悤łAǂ̂悤
        ɗLɂ΂悢̂ł傤?

     Answer
        ``Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers
        (CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL) [Y/n/?]'' ɑ΂ 'Y' ݒ肷邱Ƃɂ
        \܂B

  9.

     Question
        i4 ȏ́j̃nuJXP[hڑĂꍇAethernet
        Ń^C~O̖N܂Anû悤ɐςݏd
        ȂĂTulbgɃubW݂ꍇAǂ̂悤ȉe
        ܂?  i󒍁FIȁidCMIȁjdlɂAnu
        4 ȏJXP[hڑłȂƂɂȂĂ܂B4 ܂łł͂
        A4 ȏłj

     Answer
        ubW͂̂悤 3/4/5 ̃nũ[ł܂Bu
        bW̓nuƓ@ŃpPbg킯ł͂܂̂ŁA
        lbg[Nł̃^C~O̖͈N܂Bi󒍁Fn
        u̓CPiwjAubW̓CQif[^NwjŃp
        Pbg܂j

  10.

     Question
        ubW 10Mb  100Mb  ethernet ZOgƂ̊ԂŎgpł
        ̂ł傤?  ̂悤ȎgꍇAi100Mbj̑
        x͒ቺĂ܂Ȃł傤?  i󒍁Fb = bit łBł
         10Mb = 10M bit ƂȂ܂j

     Answer
        n߂̎̓ Yes łBubW 10Mb  100Mb ̃ZO
        gƂԂƂł܂BiubẂj̃lbg[N
        NIC  100Mb œ삷̂łA肠܂B100Mb
        lbg[ÑzXg 10Mb lbg[ÑzXg֑ꂽp
        Pbg 10Mb/s ̑xo܂񂪁A100Mb lbg[N̑̃g
        tBbN 100Mb ̂܂ܓ삵Â܂B

        i󒍁F܂A100Mb  10Mb ֓ꂽpPbǵAubW
         10Mb ֑ۂ 10Mb œ삷邱ƂɂȂ܂B
        100Mb ̃zXgubW̑xAy 100Mb ̃zXg 100Mb ̃z
        Xg 100Mb œ삷ƂƂłj

  4.  |ɂ

  ͎ēc()̖|󂵂 1996/08/23 łA삪ŐV
  i1998/09/07j LDP ōXV̂łB

  {Fēc() <shibata@opost1.netspace.or.jp> (1997/01/05)
  {F m  <cz8cb01@linux.or.jp> (1999/06/26)

